Smoking and multiple sclerosis: evidence for latitudinal and temporal variation
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Latitudinal variation in the prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Ireland, an effect of genetic diversity.
BACKGROUND Northern Ireland has a high and rising prevalence rate of multiple sclerosis (MS). The most recent survey in 1996 found a rate of 168.7/100 000. Recorded prevalence rates for the south of Ireland, including County Wexford, have been markedly lower and seemed to suggest the existence of a prevalence gradient within the island. OBJECTIVES To compare the prevalence of multiple scleros...
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Experimental data suggest that cigarette smoking may play a role in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), but epidemiologic studies have been small and inconclusive. The authors assessed the association between MS incidence and smoking in two cohort studies of US women, the Nurses' Health Study (121,700 women aged 30-55 years at baseline in 1976) and the Nurses' Health Study II (116,671 w...
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BACKGROUND Although cigarette smokers are at increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS), the effect of smoking on the progression of MS remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE To establish the relationship between cigarette smoking and progression of MS using clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcomes DESIGN Cross-sectional survey and longitudinal follow-up for a mean of 3.29 years, en...
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and autoimmune disease.MS is characterized by blood brain barrier breakdown, inflammation, axonal injury, degeneration of the myelin sheath and etc. A significant association between inflammation and degeneration of neurons is observed in the brain. Also active MS lesions always associated with inflammation thus inflammation is a target for treatment o...
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Background: Identifying the predictors of pain is important for both health professionals and researchers, because pain has repeatedly been found to be a strong predictor of activity limitations and participation restrictions. The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of pain presence and severity in a large, well-designed sample of community dwelling individuals with multip...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Neurology
سال: 2014
ISSN: 0340-5354,1432-1459
DOI: 10.1007/s00415-014-7397-5